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Moscow, Russia climate
Dfb Warm-summer humid continental
Moscow has a strongly seasonal cold-temperate climate (Warm-summer humid continental, Köppen Dfb). The hottest month is July with an average daily high near 77°F, while the coldest is January averaging around 16°F at night. Around 28 inches of precipitation falls each year, peaking in July (3.2 inches) and easing off in April (1.5 inches). At latitude 56°N, day length swings from 6.7 hours in midwinter to 17.3 hours at midsummer.
Temperature & precipitation
Daily high–low temperature range with the monthly average, plus monthly precipitation · 1991–2020 normals · hover a month for the exact figuresClear vs cloudy days
Share of days each month that are clear, partly cloudy or cloudy · 1991–2020 · hover a month for the day countsMoscow climate normals (1991–2020)
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°F) | 25 | 27 | 37 | 53 | 66 | 72 | 77 | 73 | 61 | 48 | 35 | 28 |
| Avg temp (°F) | 21 | 21 | 31 | 45 | 56 | 63 | 68 | 64 | 54 | 42 | 31 | 24 |
| Avg low (°F) | 16 | 16 | 24 | 36 | 47 | 54 | 59 | 55 | 46 | 37 | 28 | 20 |
| Precipitation (in) | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Jan – Jun | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°F) | 25 | 27 | 37 | 53 | 66 | 72 |
| Avg temp (°F) | 21 | 21 | 31 | 45 | 56 | 63 |
| Avg low (°F) | 16 | 16 | 24 | 36 | 47 | 54 |
| Precipitation (in) | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.9 |
| Jul – Dec | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°F) | 77 | 73 | 61 | 48 | 35 | 28 |
| Avg temp (°F) | 68 | 64 | 54 | 42 | 31 | 24 |
| Avg low (°F) | 59 | 55 | 46 | 37 | 28 | 20 |
| Precipitation (in) | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
How often — frequency of weather events
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days with measurable rain (days) | 21 | 17 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 15 | 20 |
| Days with high ≥ 90°F (days) | — | — | — | — | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.8 | — | — | — | — |
| Days with low ≤ 32°F (days) | 29 | 26 | 24 | 9 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.9 | 8 | 19 | 26 |
| Jan – Jun | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days with measurable rain (days) | 21 | 17 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| Days with high ≥ 90°F (days) | — | — | — | — | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Days with low ≤ 32°F (days) | 29 | 26 | 24 | 9 | 1 | — |
| Jul – Dec | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days with measurable rain (days) | 12 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 15 | 20 |
| Days with high ≥ 90°F (days) | 1 | 0.8 | — | — | — | — |
| Days with low ≤ 32°F (days) | — | — | 0.9 | 8 | 19 | 26 |
Sky & atmosphere
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cloud cover (%) | 72 | 70 | 66 | 67 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 59 | 68 | 77 | 76 | 75 |
| Clear days (≤ 30% cloud) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| Partly cloudy days (30–70%) | 8 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 7 |
| Cloudy days (≥ 70%) | 20 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 17 | 22 | 21 | 21 |
| Relative humidity (%) | 97 | 96 | 94 | 84 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 83 | 89 | 95 | 96 |
| Wind speed (mph) | 8.1 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.9 |
| Jan – Jun | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cloud cover (%) | 72 | 70 | 66 | 67 | 63 | 63 |
| Clear days (≤ 30% cloud) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 3 |
| Partly cloudy days (30–70%) | 8 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 14 |
| Cloudy days (≥ 70%) | 20 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 13 |
| Relative humidity (%) | 97 | 96 | 94 | 84 | 79 | 80 |
| Wind speed (mph) | 8.1 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 5.9 |
| Jul – Dec | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cloud cover (%) | 62 | 59 | 68 | 77 | 76 | 75 |
| Clear days (≤ 30% cloud) | 4 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| Partly cloudy days (30–70%) | 13 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 7 |
| Cloudy days (≥ 70%) | 14 | 12 | 17 | 22 | 21 | 21 |
| Relative humidity (%) | 80 | 80 | 83 | 89 | 95 | 96 |
| Wind speed (mph) | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.9 |
Methodology & sources
Temperature & precipitation — 1991–2020 normals computed from 29 years of daily observations at Moscow, a weather station, about 9 km from the city centre. The underlying daily records come from NOAA's global station network.
Cloud, humidity, wind & sunshine — modelled estimates from NASA POWER, NASA's satellite-and-reanalysis climatology. This is the standard global source for atmospheric variables, which are not measured at most weather stations.