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Has the climate in Coimbra changed?

Coimbra has warmed about 3.5°F between 1971 and 2010.

About 0.9°F per decade, measured from Coimbra's official daily weather records, 1971–2010. Individual years still bounce around — some recent ones came in cool — but the long-term line has clearly risen.

Is that a lot? Coimbra's climate has warmed faster than most other cities in Portugal.

What has actually changed

Each card compares the 1970s (the first ten years of the record) with recent years (the last ten) — the same span the headline and the chart use.

Freezing nights
1 more night
1970s
7 / yr
Recent
8 / yr
Colder winters — more frosts
Average temperature
+2.4°F
1970s
58.7°F
Recent
61.1°F
A steady upward drift
Hot days above 90°F
4 more days
1970s
18 / yr
Recent
22 / yr
More days of serious heat
Rainy days
10 fewer days
1970s
127 / yr
Recent
117 / yr
Drier on average

Coimbra's temperature, year by year

Average temperature for each year from 1971 to 2010.

57°59°61°63°65°1971: 60.1°F1972: 58.1°F1973: 58.6°F1974: 58.0°F1975: 58.5°F1976: 58.5°F1977: 58.3°F1978: 58.6°F1979: 58.3°F1980: 58.4°F1981: 59.8°F1982: 58.9°F1983: 59.2°F1984: 58.5°F1985: 59.4°F1986: 58.2°F1987: 60.3°F1988: 59.2°F1989: 61.3°F1990: 60.6°F1991: 59.6°F1992: 59.2°F1993: 58.6°F1994: 59.4°F1995: 62.3°F1996: 60.4°F1997: 63.0°F1998: 61.5°F1999: 60.4°F2000: 60.7°F2001: 60.8°F2002: 61.1°F2003: 61.6°F2004: 60.6°F2005: 61.2°F2006: 62.2°F2007: 60.8°F2008: 60.5°F2009: 61.7°F2010: 61.1°Flong-term trend19711980199020002010
a warmer-than-average year a cooler-than-average year

Each bar is one year. Most recent years sit above the older ones. Some recent years still came in cool — warming is a slope, not a straight climb.

In day-to-day terms, that long-term shift shows up as about 2 more days above 90°F compared with the 1970s.

When in the year the change shows up

How much warmer each month is now than in the 1970s. Useful if you garden or care about a particular season — otherwise the headline above already has the answer.

-0.5°0.0°+0.5°+1.0°+1.5°+2.0°January: +0.5°F+0.5JFebruary: -0.1°F-0.1FMarch: +1.7°F+1.7MApril: +1.2°F+1.2AMay: +1.7°F+1.7MJune: +1.5°F+1.5JJuly: +0.3°F+0.3JAugust: +1.1°F+1.1ASeptember: +0.1°F+0.1SOctober: +0.7°F+0.7ONovember: -0.1°F-0.1NDecember: -0.3°F-0.3D

May has warmed the most — about 1.7°F. The warming runs across the whole year, not just one season.

Methodology & sources

Temperature — 1991–2020 normals computed from 20 years of daily observations at Coimbra, a weather station, inside the city. The underlying daily records come from NOAA's global station network.

How we build these numbers →