Ashgabat, Turkmenistan climate

BSk Cold semi-arid

Ashgabat has a strongly seasonal mild-temperate climate (Cold semi-arid, Köppen BSk). The hottest month is July with an average daily high near 38°C, while the coldest is January averaging around −1°C at night. Precipitation totals about 230 mm a year and is strongly seasonal — March alone averages 58 mm while July barely receives 1 mm.

☀️ Summers

Very hot

Highs near 38°C in July.

About 95 days a year above 32 °C

❄️ Winters

Cold

Lows near −1°C in January.

About 30 freezing nights a year

🌧️ Rain

Very dry

About 230 mm of rain a year.

Wettest in March

⛅ Sky & trend

Partly cloudy

A roughly even mix of sun and cloud.

+0.3 °C vs 50 years ago

Temperature & precipitation

Daily high–low temperature range with the monthly average, plus monthly precipitation · 1991–2020 normals · hover a month for the exact figures

Clear vs cloudy days

Share of days each month that are clear, partly cloudy or cloudy · 1991–2020 · hover a month for the day counts

Ashgabat climate normals (1991–2020)

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Avg high (°C)	9	12	17	24	30	36	38	38	32	25	16	10
Avg temp (°C)	4	6	10	18	23	28	31	30	24	18	11	5
Avg low (°C)	−1	0	4	12	15	20	24	22	16	10	5	1
Precipitation (mm)	22	33	58	30	29	11	1	1	2	8	17	18

Jan – Jun	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun
Avg high (°C)	9	12	17	24	30	36
Avg temp (°C)	4	6	10	18	23	28
Avg low (°C)	−1	0	4	12	15	20
Precipitation (mm)	22	33	58	30	29	11

Jul – Dec	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Avg high (°C)	38	38	32	25	16	10
Avg temp (°C)	31	30	24	18	11	5
Avg low (°C)	24	22	16	10	5	1
Precipitation (mm)	1	1	2	8	17	18

How often — frequency of weather events

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Days with measurable rain (days)	5	6	7	5	4	1	0.5	0.3	0.8	2	4	5
Days with high ≥ 32°C (days)	—	0.0	0.4	3	10	19	23	23	13	2	0.1	0.0
Days with low ≤ 0°C (days)	10	7	2	0.1	0.1	—	—	—	—	0.2	3	8

Jan – Jun	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun
Days with measurable rain (days)	5	6	7	5	4	1
Days with high ≥ 32°C (days)	—	0.0	0.4	3	10	19
Days with low ≤ 0°C (days)	10	7	2	0.1	0.1	—

Jul – Dec	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Days with measurable rain (days)	0.5	0.3	0.8	2	4	5
Days with high ≥ 32°C (days)	23	23	13	2	0.1	0.0
Days with low ≤ 0°C (days)	—	—	—	0.2	3	8

Sky & atmosphere

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Cloud cover (%)	63	64	67	67	58	43	35	31	34	43	53	59
Clear days (≤ 30% cloud)	2	2	2	3	4	7	11	13	13	11	7	5
Partly cloudy days (30–70%)	16	15	13	12	15	18	17	17	15	14	14	15
Cloudy days (≥ 70%)	12	12	16	16	12	4	3	2	2	6	9	12
Relative humidity (%)	60	58	56	50	40	28	24	22	27	38	53	60
Wind speed (mph)	5.0	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.5	6.0	6.2	5.9	5.5	4.9	4.6	4.9

Jan – Jun	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun
Cloud cover (%)	63	64	67	67	58	43
Clear days (≤ 30% cloud)	2	2	2	3	4	7
Partly cloudy days (30–70%)	16	15	13	12	15	18
Cloudy days (≥ 70%)	12	12	16	16	12	4
Relative humidity (%)	60	58	56	50	40	28
Wind speed (mph)	5.0	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.5	6.0

Jul – Dec	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Cloud cover (%)	35	31	34	43	53	59
Clear days (≤ 30% cloud)	11	13	13	11	7	5
Partly cloudy days (30–70%)	17	17	15	14	14	15
Cloudy days (≥ 70%)	3	2	2	6	9	12
Relative humidity (%)	24	22	27	38	53	60
Wind speed (mph)	6.2	5.9	5.5	4.9	4.6	4.9

Methodology & sources

Temperature & precipitation — 1991–2020 normals computed from 18 years of daily observations at Ashgabat, a weather station, about 5 km from the city centre. The underlying daily records come from NOAA's global station network.

Cloud, humidity, wind & sunshine — modelled estimates from NASA POWER, NASA's satellite-and-reanalysis climatology. This is the standard global source for atmospheric variables, which are not measured at most weather stations.

How we build these numbers →